Traumatic Injury

Chipped or Fractured Teeth

Chipped teeth account for the majority of dental injuries. Most chipped or fractured teeth can be repaired either by reattaching the broken piece or by placing a tooth-colored filling. If a significant portion of the tooth is broken off, an artificial crown or "cap" may be needed to restore the tooth for functional strength and an attractive appearance. Injuries in the back teeth often include fractured cusps, cracked teeth, or a more serious split tooth. If cracks extend into the root, root canal treatment and a full coverage crown may be needed to restore function to the tooth. Split teeth may require extraction.

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Dislodged (Luxated) Teeth

During an injury, a tooth may be pushed sideways out of or into its socket. Dr. Riley will reposition and stabilize your tooth. Root canal treatment is usually needed for permanent teeth that have been dislodged and should be started a few days following the injury.

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Knocked-Out (Avulsed) Teeth

If a tooth is completely knocked out of your mouth, time is of the essence.

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• Handle the tooth very gently

• Avoid touching the root surface itself

• If it is dirty, quickly and gently rinse it in water

• Do not use soap or any other cleaning agent on the tooth

• Never scrape or brush the tooth

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If possible, the tooth should be placed back into its socket as soon as possible. The less time the tooth is out of its socket, the better the chance for saving it. Once the tooth has been put back in its socket, our dentist will evaluate it and check for any other dental or facial injuries. If the tooth has not been placed back into its socket, the dentist will clean it carefully and replace it. A stabilizing splint will be placed for a few weeks. Depending on the stage of root development, root canal treatment may be started a week or two later.

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Root Fractures

A traumatic injury to the tooth may also result in a horizontal root fracture. The location of the fracture determines the long-term health of the tooth. If the fracture is close to the root tip, the chances for success are much better. The closer the fracture is to the gum line, the poorer the long-term success rate. Stabilization with a splint is sometimes required for a period of time.

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Traumatic Dental Injuries in Children

Chipped primary (baby) teeth can be aesthetically restored. Dislodged primary teeth can, in rare cases, be repositioned. However, primary teeth that have been knocked out typically should not be replanted. This is because the replantation of a primary tooth may cause further and lasting damage to the underlying permanent tooth that is growing inside the bone.

Children's permanent teeth that are not fully developed at the time of an injury need special attention and careful follow-up. Not all of them will need root canal treatment. In an immature permanent tooth, the blood supply to the tooth and the presence of stem cells in the region may enable the dentist to stimulate continued root growth.

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Root Resorption

Resorption occurs when your body, through its own defense mechanisms, begins to reject your own tooth in response to the traumatic injury. Following the injury, you should return to our dentist to have the tooth examined or treated at regular intervals to ensure that root resorption is not occurring and that surrounding tissues continue to heal.

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With any traumatic dental injury, time is of the essence. Contact our dentist immediately.